基于Landsat 8影像的济宁市春季主要作物种植面积变化监测

Change detection of main spring crops area in Jining based on Landsat 8 images

准确快速获取小春作物的播种面积、空间分布及年际时空变化信息,可为农业部门制定政策、合理安排生产提供依据。利用多期Landsat 8影像,综合不同作物的光谱特征、纹理、NDVI值等信息,分别建立多时相小春作物提取模型,获取济宁市小麦和大蒜的种植信息,分析其时空动态变化。研究结果表明,济宁市大蒜和小麦的种植具有明显的区域性。小麦在农业生产上占据主导地位,空间分布广泛且较为稳定,种植重心偏移量较小且呈逐年下降趋势,其固定种植区的面积每年均稳定在3.2×10~5hm^2左右,2014-2017年,种植面积先增加后减少,但波动幅度较小;大蒜种植区主要集中在金乡县和鱼台县,受气象状况和市场影响,其种植面积呈现先减少后增加的趋势,波动幅度较大,空间分布变化也较为明显,种植重心偏移现象突出。本研究采用面向对象分类方法提取济宁市春季主要作物种植信息,可为农业部门掌握小春作物种植情况,制定农业政策提供一定的技术支持。

Accurately and quickly obtaining the planting area of spring crops,spatial distribution and change information,which could provide the basis for the agricultural sector in the development of production plan. Based on Landsat 8 images,the spectral characteristics,texture and NDVI values of different crops were used to establish the spring crop extraction model,and the planting information of wheat and garlic in Jining was obtained. Then,the changes of crops in time and space were analyzed. The results showed that the planting of garlic and wheat in Jining had obvious regionality. The spatial distribution of wheat was broad and stable,and the moving distance of planting core area was small. The changeless land area for wheat cultivation was about 3.2×10~5 hm^2 in every year. From 2014 to 2017,the planting area of wheat was increased first and then decreased. Garlic was mainly concentrated in Jinxiang and Yutai. Under the influence of the weather and the market,the planting area of garlic was decreased first and then increased,the changes of spatial distribution were significant,and the moving distance of planting core area was very large. The main crop planting information was extracted based on object-oriented method in this study,the results were helpful to master the planting information of spring crops for agricultural sector and could provide technical support for establishing agriculture policy.