LNG船货物围护系统用硬质聚氨酯绝热材料制备和性能研究

Preparation and Performance of the Rigid Polyurethane Foams for Cargo Containment System of LNGC

针对液化天然气(LNG)船货物围护系统绝热及储运安全性和经济性的要求,采用发泡剂HFC-365mfc和溴锑协同阻燃剂,制备了综合性能良好的硬质聚氨酯泡沫绝热材料,对其绝热性能、力学性能、服役性能稳定性和着火性、产烟量、材料表面火焰传播性质进行了研究,并从理论角度分析了材料的绝热性能。该研究所制备的泡沫材料密度约为45 kg/m3,可以满足LNG船对绝热材料综合性能的要求,不仅在室温至超低温范围内具有良好的绝热性能,还具有尺寸稳定性和阻燃性好,压缩、拉伸和剪切性能高,平均线膨胀系数、吸水率和水蒸气透过性低的特点。

In order to meet the requirements for economy,safe storage and transportation of cargo containment system of liquefied natural gas carriers（ LNGC）,rigid polyurethane foams（ RPUF） for non-self-supporting type containing blowing agent of HFC-365 mfc and bromine-antimony synergistic flame retardants were prepared by the one-shot method through high pressure foaming technique. The thermal insulation,mechanical properties,service performances and ignitability,smoke production,surface burning characteristics of the obtained RPUF were investigated systematically,and the excellent thermal insulation of the RPUF was analyzed theoretically. The experimental results indicated that the prepared RPUF with density of 45 kg/m3 could comply with the high requirements of insulation materials for LNGC,possessing low thermal conductivities in the temperature range from ambient temperature to cryogenic temperatures,but also displaying a good dimensional stability,high compressive,tensile and shearing properties,low average linear expansion coefficients,low water absorption and vapor transmission as well.