输电线路运行故障的特征与分析识别

Characteristics of operation faults of transmission line and identification

输电线路正常运行中引起故障的常见因素包括雷击、污闪、风偏、覆冰、鸟害、外力破坏等.目前输电线路故障诊断的方向还主要集中在故障元件或故障区域的定位,而对运行、检修人员最为关注的故障原因的识别却很少.在对不同因素引起输电线路故障机理简要说明的基础上,依据雷电定位系统和对故障录波数据的分析,对输电线路的故障类型予以识别.该识别不仅对事故处理、供电恢复、检修计划的制定有重要意义,而且为输电线路故障诊断提供了新的思路.

The common factors that cause faults in transmission lines include lightning stroke, pollution flashover, wind deviation, icing and waving, bird and external force damages. At present, the direction of fault diagnosis has focused on the location of fault component or fault region and it is rare of the identification of the roots about which the operators and maintenance crew are particularly concerned. On the basis of the brief description of the transmission line fault mechanism caused by different factors, according to the lightning location system and the analysis of the data of the fault recording, the lightning strike, the pollution flashover of the transmission line, the discharge of the trees and the destruction of the external force are identified. It is not only significant for dealing with accidents, power supply restoration and formulating repair plan, but also provides a new way of fault diagnosis of transmission lines.