绿蓝悖论和证据定义的困境

The Grue Paradox and the Dilemma about Evidence Definition

绿蓝悖论是检验证据理论的一块试金石,而阿钦斯坦(Peter Achinstein)是一个致力于建构系统的证据理论并且先后提出了两个关于绿蓝悖论解决方案的学者。他早期追随卡尔纳普的研究纲领,认为产生绿蓝悖论的原因是因为"绿蓝"是一个时态谓词。这种解悖方案比较有代表性,耶和科尔(Gal Yehezkel)在2016年提出的解悖方案也属于这个研究路径。但是阿钦斯坦后来承认早期的解悖论方案是失败的,并且从证据理论的角度提出了一个新的解悖方案,认为问题的关键在于"绿蓝"的析取性质对提取证据的选择程序提出了特殊的要求。这种研究范式的转变反映了证据理论的一个困境:证据定义总是不充分的。

The grue paradox is a touchstone to test various of evidence theories. And Achinstein is the scholar who aim to construct systemic evidence theory and has proposed two solutions for the grue paradox. In his earlier years he followed Carnap＇s research programme,insisted that the temporal properties of Grue predicate is reason why that paradox produced. Such a view has many echoes,for example,Yehezkel＇s（ 2016） new solution. However,in his later years Achinstein confessed that the solution has failed and propose a new one. The key is that Grue is predicate which has disjunctive properties,and the solution is to adapt the＂selective produce＂for collecting data. The paradigm shift exposing the dilemma of evidence definition： It is always insufficient for defining.