医患关系中的工具理性主义及其克服

Instrumental Rationality in the Doctor-patient Relationship and Its Overcoming

工具理性源自西方古希腊理性主义传统,是启蒙精神、科学技术和理性自身演变和发展的结果,也是人类行为手段与最终目的、事实与价值相分离的产物。医患关系中工具理性的过度膨胀和价值理性的退场,导致人自身、人际关系和人与自然关系的异化,进而出现了:基于"超然模型"的"去情感化"的医生、基于交换的"物化"的医患关系和基于"简单化约"的"医学万能"观。克服医患关系中的工具理性主义并不要求全盘放弃工具理性,而是要让它回到自己的合法范围内,最终重建:基于"人是目的"的"情感回归"的医生、基于"信任委托"的"对话"的医患关系和基于"敬畏自然"的"医学有限"观。

Instrumental rationality which has derived from western rationalism tradition in ancient Greece,is the developmental result of spirit of enlightenment,science and technology,and rational evolution,as well as the product of separation between the means and the ultimate goal,and the fact and the value of human behavior. In the doctor-patient relationship,both the excessive expansion of instrumental rationality and exit of value rationality leads to the alienation of oneself,interpersonal relationship and the relationship between man and nature,thus there are doctors without emotion based on the＂detached model＂,the doctor-patient relationship based on the exchange of material and universal medicine based on the concept of＂simplicity＂. In order to overcome instrumental rationalism of the doctor-patient,we don＇t need to give up the instrumental ration completely,but should make it back to their own legal scope. As a result,there will appear the emotional doctors who have the idea that human is purpose,the doctor-patient relationship with trusty dialogue and the commonsense that medicine is limited and we need to respect the nature.