空想自由主义:对李贽思想的一种新定位

Utopian Liberalism:A New Outlook of Li Zhi's Thoughts

李贽的自由观以积极自由为中心,具有多个向度,包括自适、自治、自立与自主等。其自由观的特别之处是:欲望具有基础性的地位。李贽的思想具有诸多自由主义的要素,比如个体主义、平等主义、反权威主义、价值的主观主义与多元主义。从儒学的标准来看,李贽是异端;而从自由主义的标准来看,李贽却不是异端,而是一个空想自由主义者。在全球历史的视野下,李贽的思想由此获得了新的定位。

Li Zhi＇s view of freedom centers on positive freedom. It has multiple dimensions, including serf-adaptation, autonomy, independence, self-decision and so on. The distinction of his freedom view is that desire plays a funda- mental role. Li Zhi＇s thoughts possesses many elements of liberalism, such as individualism, egalitarianism, anti-authoritarianism, value subjectivism and pluralism. Li Zhi was a heretic by the standards of Confucianism, but he was actually a Utopian liberalist rather than a heretic by the standards of liberalism. Li Zhi＇ s thoughts have achieves a new interpretation in the globalization vision.