俄罗斯油气管道穿越小型河流的防冲刷措施

Scour prevention measures of oil and gas pipelines crossing small rivers in Russia

针对小型河流区域油气管道穿越段的安全性问题,以俄罗斯车里雅宾斯克至彼得罗夫斯克天然气管道为例,分析了小型河流穿越段的特点及防护弱点,总结了俄罗斯在小型河流穿越段水工保护方面的一些经验,重点分析了常用的抛碎石、网垫、地锚、石笼网、防护板等结构的优缺点,进而梳理了小型河流穿越段防冲刷设计要点,为提出抗冲刷性好、可靠、易施工的水工保护方法提供了参考。

It is necessary to search for the hydrotechnological protection methods of scour prevent, convenience and reliability so as to ensure the safety of oil and gas pipelines crossing small river areas. In this paper, the scouring of Chelyabinsk-Petrovsk natural gas pipeline in Russia was taken as a case. After the characteristics and protection weaknesses of small rivers and pipelines crossing small rivers were analyzed, Russia＇s experience in the scour prevention of oil and gas pipelines crossing small rivers was summarized. Then, the advantages and disadvantages of commonly used methods were mainly analyzed, including riprap, net mat, ground anchor, stone cage net and protective plate. Finally, the key points of antiscour design for small river crossing section are combed. The research results provide the basis for the design of pipelines crossing small rivers.