晚清筹赈义演的兴起及其意义

The Rise of Charity Performance for Relief Collection in the Late Qing Dynasty and Its Significance

义演在中国成为一项较为重要的公益活动,最初主要是借助于晚清时期新型义赈活动的出现,是近代中国社会大变动的产物。从19世纪晚期到20世纪初,筹赈义演活动出现了从昙花一现到常见常新、从一点到多点的转变。义演在逐步成为义赈活动的重要募捐手段的同时,其自身也发生了许多具有新兴意味的变化,其中交织着传统与现代、本土与西方等各种因素的碰撞,呈现出复线发展的结构。筹赈义演的这种发展历程和面貌,一方面显著体现了义赈社会化救灾的发展面相,另一方面也反映出义演活动日渐适应近代中国社会文化生活的发展需要。

By virtue of the emergence of new types of relief collection activities,the charity performance had become an important public service activity in modern China.It was also the product of the dramatic changes of modern Chinese society.From the late 19-（th） century to the early 20-（th） century,the charity performance for relief collection experienced the transformations from a rare event to common activities,and from one city to many places.As charity performance became an important means for relief collection,it underwent many newly-developing changes,which involved the collisions between tradition and modernity,between the native and the West,and took on the bi-line development structure.The developing course and feature of charity performance for relief collection,on the one hand,embodied the development appearance of social relief.On the other hand,it reflected that charity performance was increasingly adapted to the development need of the social and cultural life in modern China.