玻纤增强PA6复合材料阻燃性能研究

Study on flame retardation of glass fiber reinforced polyamide 6 composite material

以氢氧化铝(ATH)、氢氧化镁(MH)、二乙基次膦酸铝(ADP)为阻燃剂,制备了玻纤增强阻燃聚酰胺6(PA6)复合材料。结果表明:以MH和ATH复配做阻燃剂,当m(MH)∶m(ATH)=3∶1(总量72份)时,玻纤增强PA6/MH/ATH复合材料的拉伸强度为100.97MPa,弯曲强度为156.27MPa,极限氧指数可达到31.7%,垂直燃烧测试结果为UL94V-2。通过实验还考察了ADP与其他阻燃剂复配对复合材性能的影响,结果表明:MH与ADP复配协效作用不明显,ATH与ADP复配协效作用明显;以ATH和ADP复配做阻燃剂,当m(ATH)∶m(ADP)=5∶1时,玻纤增强PA6/ATH/ADP复合材料拉伸强度为103.02MPa,弯曲强度为123.49MPa,极限氧指数可达到37%,垂直燃烧测试结果为UL94V-0。热重分析表明,800℃时PA6/MH/ATH复合材料的残炭率可达到45.93%,PA6/ATH/ADP复合材料的残炭率达到43.51%;扫描电子显微镜下观察到复合材料燃烧时出现氧化膜及碳层;PA6/ATH/ADP复合材料通过850℃灼热丝性能测试。

The polyamide（PA6）flame retardant composite reinforced by glass fiber was prepared by adding flam-retardant[mixed magnesium hydroxide（MH）,aluminum hydroxide（ATH）and aluminium diethylphosphinate（ADP）].When the flame retardant（72 phr）were added and m（MH）∶m（ATH）=3∶1,the tensile strength was100.97 MPa,the bending strength was 156.27 MPa,the limiting oxygen index reached 31.7%,and the vertical burning test result was UL94 V-2.At the same time,the effect of mixture of ADP with other flame retardants on the properties of composite was discussed.When MH and ADP was mixed,there was little association effect,but when ATH and ADP mixed,the association effect was obvious.When m（ATH）∶m（ADP）=5∶1,the tensile strength was 103.02 MPa,the bending strength was 123.49 MPa,the limiting oxygen index reached 37% and the composites can pass UL94 V-0 flammability rating.It can be concluded from the thermogravimetric analysis test（TG）that the residual carbon can reached 45.93% and 43.51% respectively at 800℃.The oxide film and carbon layers can be observed through the scanning electron microscope analysis（SEM）.And PA6/ATH/ADP composite materials could pass the Glow-wire test of 850℃.