明代墓葬出土家具明器陈设浅探

The Arrangement of Funerary Furniture in Ming Tombs

家具明器是明代墓葬的随葬品内容之一,种类主要包括床、桌、椅、架、盆、桶、凳、几、案、箱、柜等,材质有陶、木、石、锡之分。这些墓葬主要分布于中原地区和江南地区,墓主人以宗室、品官及富裕平民为主。明代墓葬中家具明器的陈设主要仿照现实生活中的布局,组合起来象征卧室和书房这类日常居所中的两大功能区域。

Funerary furniture formed a major category of burial objects for tombs of the Ming Dynasty.It included beds, tables, chairs, frames, basins, barrels, stools, side tables, desks, boxes, and closets and was often made of pottery, wood, stone or tin. These furnished tombs are mainly seen in the central plain area and the Jiangnan area and tomb occupants were mostly imperial clansmen, governmental officials and wealthy citizens. The funerary objects were often arranged in a way to imitate the layout of a living setting,which included mainly two functional areas： the bedroom and the study.