不同源库关系对花生光合特性及产量的影响

Effects of Different Leaf-Peg Ratio on Photosynthesis and Yield of Peanut

以晋花10号花生为材料,在单粒精播条件下,研究下针结果后期摘除25%、50%的果针,摘除25%、50%的叶片对花生生长发育的影响。结果表明:在摘除果针和叶片处理初期,摘除叶片2个处理的花生LAI、叶绿素含量和光合速率与摘除果针处理相比处于较高水平,但是处理中后期下降速度快,生育后期处于较低水平,不利于光合产物的积累。摘除25%果针处理LAI和叶绿素含量一直处于较高水平,下降速度慢,使生育后期光合速率一直保持较高水平。调查数据表明,摘除果针处理均比对照增产,摘除叶片处理均比对照减产,适当疏库有利于提高花生产量。摘除果针处理后期较高的LAI、叶绿素含量和光合速率使得花生干物质积累速率快,荚果饱满性好,果多,果重,产量高,比对照增产7.5%。摘除50%果针与摘除25%果针相比可能库消减幅度太大,减库造成单株结果数随去除果针数增加而降低,从而单株结果数减少,生物产量降低。

The peanut of Jinhual0 was used in this study in which 25% peg, 50% peg, 25% leaf and 50% leaf were removed late in the podding phase and natural plant was control by single-seed sowing. The LAI, chlorophyll and photosynthesis rate of single leaf of two treatments of artificial leaf-removal were higher than the two treatments of peg-removal, the late these indexes of leaf-removal treatments decreased faster, which was not conducive to the accumulation of photosynthetic products. The LAI and chlorophyll of 25% peg-removal were higher and decreased slowly, therefore the photosynthetic rate remained higher in the late growth stage. Higher LAI and chlorophyll and photosynthesis rate resulted in faster rate of dry matter accumulationand, heavier fruits, and yield （7.5% higher than the control）. The peg of 50% peg-removal compared with 25% peg-removal, resulted in reducing the number of fruits, decreasing biological yield. The data of two years showed that the yield of the two treatments of peg-removal increased than the control; and the yield of the two treatments of leaf-removal decreased than the control. Appropriate peg- removal was beneficial to improve the yield of peanut.