结核分枝杆菌药物靶点的研究进展

Research progress intargets for Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug

结核病是在世界范围内流行的传染性疾病,对人类健康造成严重威胁,而结核分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium tuberculosis)则是导致结核病产生的病原体。在早期的药物研发中,多种对结核分枝杆菌有抑制效果的药物被开发出来,并在临床试验中表现出很好的疗效,但这也导致了在随后的几十年里抗结核药物研发的速度减缓。并且随着多药耐药和广泛耐药型结核分枝杆菌的出现,目前,抗结核药物的疗效急剧降低,导致结核病发病趋势日益严重,针对全新靶点的抗结核药物研发迫在眉睫。随着结核分枝杆菌基因组测序的完成,人们对于结核分枝杆菌的蛋白有了更进一步的认识,能够确定结核分枝杆菌中重要的靶点蛋白,并进行药物开发。本文对抗结核靶点进行重点介绍。

Tuberculosis is a major infectious disease worldwide and poses a serious threat to human health. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a pathogen that causes tuberculosis. In the early drug development, many drugs with inhibitory effects on Mycobacterium tuberculosis were developed and showed good efficacy in clinical trials, which led to the slow development of antituberculosis drugs in the following decades. With the emergence of multi-drug resistance and extensive drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the curative effect of anti- tuberculosis drugs has been drastically reduced, causing an increased incidence of tuberculosis. Therefore, the development of anti-tuberculosis drugs for new targets is imminent. With the completion of the sequencing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome, researchers have gained further understood of the proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, identified important target proteins in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and developed new drugs. Based on different functions of anti-tuberculosis target proteins, this article reviews the current mature targets and introduce new hot targets for tuberculosis.