烧烤场景中基于PBPK模型的人群PAHs暴露评估

Exposure Assessment on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Barbecue Scene Based on PBPK Model

为探究烧烤场景中人群多环芳烃(PAHs)的暴露特征与健康风险,使用美国环保署推荐的计算模型和基于生理的药代动力学模型(PBPK)模拟了我国人群的PAHs外暴露剂量和健康风险以及内暴露剂量变化情况。结果表明:1)普通居民和职业人群的日均苯并[a]芘等效摄入剂量为(50±3)ng·d^(-1)和(179±98)ng·d^(-1),其终生致癌风险为7.57×10^(-7)~1.28×10^(-5),均在可接受范围内;2)普通居民暴露后体内组织中PAHs内暴露标志物芘的最大浓度范围依次为肝(6.52~8.67 ng·L^(-1))>肾(0.97~1.12 ng·L^(-1))>静脉血(0.71~0.94 ng·L^(-1))>皮肤(0.64~0.75 ng·L^(-1))>脂肪(0.36~0.56 ng·L^(-1)),职业人群暴露后体内组织芘最大浓度为脂肪(2.97ng·L^(-1))>皮肤(1.14 ng·L^(-1))≥肾(1.14 ng·L^(-1))>肝(0.57 ng·L^(-1))>静脉血(0.17 ng·L^(-1));3)膳食是普通人群的主导暴露途经,会导致肝组织浓度最大;呼吸和皮肤接触是职业人群的主导暴露途经,会导致脂肪组织浓度最大;4)暴露标志物芘的组织总富集量关系为职业人群(48 ng·d^(-1))大于普通人群(6~11 ng·d^(-1))。

To investigate the exposure characteristics and health risk from the barbecue scene, the external and internal exposure doses of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） in Chinese population were simulated with both the equations recommended by United States Environmental Protection Agency and the physiologically-based pharmacokinetic（PBPK） model. The results showed： 1） The equivalent doses of the average daily benzo[a]pyrene intake by the ordinary residents and the occupational population were（50±3） and（179±98） ng·d^-1, respectively. The life-time carcinogenic risk was 7.57×10^-7^-1.28×10-（-5）, which was within the acceptable range; 2） The maximum concentrations of pyrene（biomarkers of PAHs） in different tissues of the ordinary residents after exposure were liver（6.52-8.67 ng·L^-1）, kidney（0.97^-1.12 ng·L^-1）, venous blood（0.71-0.94 ng·L^-1）, skin（0.64-0.75 ng·L^-1） and fat（0.36-0.56 ng·L^-1）, respectively. Meanwhile, in occupational population the values were fat（2.97 ng·L^-1）, skin（1.14 ng·L^-1）, kidney（1.14 ng·L^-1）, liver（0.57 ng·L^-1） and venous blood（0.17 ng·L^-1）, respectively; 3） Dietary was found to be the dominant exposure way for the ordinary residents, leading to the highest concentration of pyrene in liver. Inhalation and dermal contact were the dominant ways for the occupational population, leading to the highest concentration of pyrene in fat; 4） The total daily accumulation of pyrene in the occupational population（48 ng·d^-1） was higher than that in the ordinary residents（6^-11 ng·d^-1）.