新疆地区立克次体调查研究进展

Status on Rickettsia investigation in Xinjiang

由立克次体引起的疾病是一类重要的人畜共患疾病。新疆生态环境复杂，立克次体传播媒介、宿主及种类复杂多样，自然疫源地分布广泛，已给当地人类健康和畜牧业发展带来极大危害。全球气候变暖及新疆社会经济的快速发展和对外经济贸易交流的不断提升，都有可能成为新疆地区立克次体媒介和宿主更加多样化的潜在因素。近年来，新疆地区一些立克次体病如Q热、埃立克体病、无形体病等发病率有所上升，因此，受到普遍关注。目前，已从新疆多个地区检测并分离出多种新型立克次体，其公共卫生学意义也日益受到重视。作者对新疆地区近20年来已报道的立克次体种属鉴定、媒介宿主、流行分布情况等研究进展做一简要概述，以期为新疆立克次体及立克次体病的系统研究及其诊断、预防和治疗手段的研究开发提供科学依据。

The disease caused by Rickettsia is an important zoonotic disease. Due to the complexity of the ecological environment of Xinjiang, the vectors, host and species of Rickettsia are complex and diverse; its natural loci are widely distributed, so they have brought great harm to local human health and livestock production. With global warming, rapid development of social economy and promotion of foreign economic and trade exchanges in Xiujiang, these may become potential factors for the diversity of Rickettsia vectors and hosts. In recent years, some rickettsial disease such as the onset of Q fever, ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis, are increased at some areas of Xinjiang, thus, the Rickettsia and rickettsial diseases have been widely concerned. At present, a variety of new Rickettsia species have been detected and isolated from several areas of Xinj!ang, and their public health significance have also been paid more and more attention. In this paper, we briefly summarized the research status about reported Rickettsia species identification, media host and popular distribution in the Xinjiang region over the past 20 years, to providing scientific basis for a systematic study and diagnosis, prevention and treatment of Rickettsia and rickettsial disease.