探索中国特色小学数学教科书建设的典范——1963年十二年制学校小学算术课本述评

A Model of Exploring the Mathematics Textbook for Primary School with Chinese Characteristics:A Review of the Mathematics Textbook of Primary School in 1963

结合小学数学教科书的发展历史,从宏观的数学知识体系的构建到微观的整数、分数、小数、计算及应用题的编排等方面进行系统梳理可以发现,1963年十二年制学校小学算术课本的特点主要体现在五个方面:重视双基,提高程度;建立了较为科学的整数知识编排体系;合理设计了分数和小数的编排层次;正确处理了口算和笔算的关系;加强了培养学生解答应用题的能力。该套教科书在我国小学数学教科书建设史上体现了其重要价值和意义。

Combining with the history of the development of elementary mathematics textbooks, this paper systematically summarizes the main features of the mathematics textbook of primary school in 1963 and found five aspects： emphasized the basic knowledge and basic skills to improve the level of mathematics textbooks; established a more scientific arrangement system of integer; established the rational design of the fractional and decimal arrangement level; dealed with the relationship between calculating and pen calculation correctly; strengthened the capacity of students to solve problems. This paper also expounds the value and historical significance of the set of textbooks in the construction of primary school mathematics textbooks in our country from the perspective of textbook evolution.