崩落法开采上覆崩落体降雨入渗及突水模拟研究

Simulation Study on Rainfall Infiltration and Water Inrush in Overlying Collapse in Caving Mining

崩落法开采形成的上覆崩落体具有较强透水性,它为地表雨水进入井下采场提供了良好的通道,在强降雨期间地表塌陷坑汇水会严重威胁采场巷道、采矿设备及人员的安全。因此,研究上覆崩落体内渗流及突水的发展过程对保证矿山安全生产意义重大。以程潮铁矿井下采场突水灾害为工程背景,结合突水发生机理,采用Brinkman方程来表征流体在上覆崩落体内的渗流,建立相应的计算模型;运用COMSOL数值模拟软件模拟塌陷坑内积水通过上覆崩落体向井下采场的稳态渗流和突水过程,研究入渗和突水发展过程中的规律。研究结果揭示了水在上覆崩落体中有关渗流速度和压力的规律以及采场突水灾害的主要致灾因素,为矿山安全生产提供指导。

The overlying collapse formed by caving method has strong permeability,it provides a good channel for surface rain into the downhole stope and it will seriously threaten the safety of the mining laneway,mining equipment and personnel during the heavy rainfall. Therefore,the study on the evolution of the seepage and water inrush in the overlying collapse body is of great significance to the safe production of the mine. With the underground water inrush hazard in Chengchao Iron Mine as the background and combined with the mechanism of water inrush,Brinkman equation is adopted to characterize the seepage of fluid within the overlying collapse,and the corresponding calculation model is established;The process of steady seepage and water inrush from the overburden to the underground stope is simulated in the COMSOL software to study the regularity of infiltration and water inrush development. The results reveal the laws of seepage velocity and pressure in the overburden and the main factors causing the water inrush disaster,and provide guidance for mine safety generation.