基于SLAF-seq技术的沙带鱼(Lepturacanthus savala)微卫星标记开发以及在近缘种中的通用性

Microsatellite Loci Isolation in the Savalai hairtail(Lepturacanthus savala) Based on SLAF-seq Technology and Generality in the Related Species

沙带鱼是带鱼科中一种重要的海洋经济鱼类,广泛分布于印度-西太平洋海域。近年来,过度捕捞和渔业生态环境变化使沙带鱼的自然资源和种群结构受到了严重影响。因此,为了制定出科学合理的资源保护和管理措施,急需开发出大量多态的沙带鱼微卫星位点以促进其种群遗传学研究。本研究采用SLAF-seq技术,首次在沙带鱼基因组DNA中筛选出28个多态性微卫星位点。每个位点的等位基因数为2~18,平均值9.11;观测杂合度和期望杂合度分别为0.077~0.871（平均值0.634）和0.151~0.942（平均值0.711）;各位点多态信息含量为0.137~0.919,平均值0.670。经过Bonferroni校正后,有3个位点显著偏离哈迪-温伯格平衡（HWE）,并显示出较高的近交系数和无效等位基因频率,其余25个位点均符合HWE。这些多态性微卫星DNA标记可为沙带鱼的种群遗传资源研究提供有效的分子标记和技术支撑。此外,跨物种扩增结果表明,有19个微卫星标记在4种带鱼属鱼类中具有较好的通用性,这些标记可为阐明带鱼科属间或种间的系统进化关系提供新的研究手段和视角。

Savalai hairtail（Lepturacanthus savala） is a commercially important marine fish belonging to the family Trichiuridae,with a wide distribution in the Indian-western Pacific coastal waters.In recent years,overfishing and the changes in the ecological environment of fisheries have brought a severe impact on the natural resources and population structure of L.savala.Thus,in order to carry out reasonable resource conservations and managements of L.savala,the developing of a large number of polymorphic microsatellite loci for promoting its population genetics research is urgently needed.In this study,based on SLAF-seq technology,28 polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated for the first time in the genomic DNA of L.savala.The number of alleles per locus ranged from2 to 18,with an average of 9.11.The observed and expected heterozygosity varied from 0.077 to 0.871（average at0.634） and from 0.151 to 0.942（average at 0.711）,respectively.The polymorphism information content of each locus was from 0.137 to 0.919,and the average was 0.670.After Bonferroni correction,three loci were significantly deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium（HWE） and showed high inbreeding coefficient and null allele frequencies,with the remaining 25 locus meeting the HWE.These polymorphic microsatellite DNA markers could provide effective molecular markers and technical support for studying the population genetic resources of L.savala.Furthermore,cross-species amplifications showed that 19 microsatellite markers were transferable in four species of the genus Trichiurus.The cross-amplified markers would provide new method and insight for illustrating the phylogenetic relationship between species and genus of the family Trichiuridae.