石油污染土壤强化修复前后细菌多样性变化研究

Research on the Change of Bacteria Diversity before and after Strengthened Repair of the Petroleum Contaminated Soil

采用高通量测序技术,对石油污染土壤及石油降解菌强化修复土壤的细菌群落多样性进行了分析。发现污染前后各组间在门水平和属水平上变化显著,污染前细菌多样性丰富,包括34门675属,主要优势菌群依次为变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）、酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）、芽单胞菌门（Gemmatimonadetes）等。优势菌属依次为芽单胞菌属（Gemmatimonas）、鞘氨醇单胞菌属（Sphingomonas）、节杆菌属（Arthrobacter）等。石油污染110 d后土壤细菌类群多样性降低,分布在29门507属,细菌优势门变化不显著等,优势菌属依次为鞘氨醇单胞菌属、假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）、GP6、芽单胞菌属、GP4、微小杆菌属（Exiguobacterium）、寡养单胞菌（Stenotrophomonas）和类诺卡氏菌属（Nocardioides）。添加铜绿假单胞菌1217、红平红球菌KB1和混合菌剂的三个强化修复组细菌分别分布在31门471属、32门474属和29门473属,在细菌组成上差异不显著,在丰度上差异显著。鞘氨醇单胞菌属、假单胞菌属、芽单胞菌属和类诺卡氏菌属细菌是主要的石油污染物降解菌。

Bacterial community diversity of the petroleum contaminated soils and soils with strengthened repair by petroleum degrading bacteria were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology.Results showed that there were significant changes in phylum level and genus level among the different groups before and after pollution.The bacteria diversity of the non-contaminated soil samples was rich,including 34 phyla and 675 genera.The dominant bacteria belonged to Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,Acidobacteria,Bacteroidetes and Gemmatimonadetes etc.,respectively,at phylum level,and the dominant genera were Gemmatimonas,Sphingomonas and Arthrobacter etc.,respectively.Bacterial diversity decreased significantly with the pollution of the oil after 110 days.Bacteria distributed in 29 phyla and 507 genera.The dominant phyla did not change significantly,but the dominant genera were Sphingomonas,Pseudomonas,GP6,Gemmatimonas,GP4,Exiguobacterium,Stenotrophomonas and Nocardioides,respectively.Three strengthened repair groups as P.aeruginosa 1217,R.erythropolis KB1 and the mixture inoculants distributed in the 31 phyla 471 genera,32 phyla 474 genera,and 29 phyla 473 genera,respectively.The difference of the constitution was not significant,but that of the bacteria abundance was significant.The dominated oil-degradation bacteria belonged to the Sphingomonas,Pseudomonas,Gemmatimonas and Nocardioides.