长江中游城市群生态效率的空间关系及其协同提升机制研究

Eco-Efficiency of Urban Agglomeration in the Middle Yangtze River Basin:Spatial Analysis and Synergetic Promotion Mechanism

基于2003~2015年长江中游城市群31个城市的面板数据,借助超效率SBM模型,测度了城市群内历年各城市的生态效率,并分析了其时空差异与空间溢出效应。研究结果表明:2003~2015年间长江中游城市群的生态效率得到了一定程度的改善,但整体水平较低;城市群内部四大城市圈(群/带)的生态效率存在不平衡性,武汉城市圈的平均生态效率最高,环鄱阳湖城市群次之,环长株潭城市群再次,襄荆宜城市带最低;长江中游城市群各城市生态效率的发展模式存在较大差异,城市之间的生态效率呈现出空间负相关性,且部分地区存在"污染俱乐部"现象。提升长江中游城市群的生态效率需要城市间的有效合作和协同行动,应该统一长江中游城市群的环境规制,健全城市群统一的生态补偿机制,联手打造优势产业集群,改变以GDP为核心的政绩观,优化城市空间布局等。

By adopting the super-efficiency SBM model, this paper measures the eco-efficiency of urban agglomeration in the middle Yangtze River Basin. Based on the urban panel data from 2003 to 2015,we analyze the spatial-temporal difference and spatial spillover effect of the area. The results show that,although the ecoefficiency of urban agglomeration in the middle Yangtze River Basin was improved during 2003-2015,the overall level of efficiency is low. The eco-efficiency of the four major urban agglomerations concerned is not balanced：Wuhan urban agglomeration has the highest average eco-efficiency,Poyang Lake urban agglomeration the second,Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration comes next, and Xiang-Jing-Yi urban agglomeration the last. The development patterns of cities＇ eco-efficiency are enormously different,and the eco-efficiency among different cities shows negative spatial correlation,what＇s more,the Pollution Club phenomenon exists in some areas. In order to enhance the eco-efficiency of urban agglomeration in the middle Yangtze River Basin, effective cooperation and concerted action among the cities are required. Therefore,following suggestions are proposed：firstly,the environmental regulations in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River should be unified. Secondly,the ecological compensation mechanism of the urban agglomeration should be improved. Thirdly,superior industrial clusters should be built on the basis of collaboration among these cities. Furthermore,we also need to change the GDP-centered political achievement evaluation criterion,and optimize the layout of urban space.