自闭症儿童早期读写能力研究综述

A Review of Autistic Children's Emergent Literacy Skills

简单阅读观认为,个体的阅读能力由解码和听力理解两种能力组成。早期读写能力指儿童在正式学习读写之前所具有的关于读写的知识、技巧和态度,它是解码能力的重要组成部分,是儿童流畅阅读和阅读理解的基础。研究结果表明,早期读写能力能够预测儿童入学后的阅读能力。自闭症儿童存在认知和口语障碍,并且在读写能力发展上存在问题。本文在简单阅读观的框架下,回顾了近年来有关自闭症儿童早期读写能力的研究,描述了自闭症儿童的字母识别、印刷品知识、语音意识和口语能力的发展状况,以及家庭读写环境对自闭症儿童早期读写能力的影响,并分析了提升自闭症儿童早期读写能力的可能的干预方法。最后,本文对自闭症儿童早期读写能力的研究和干预提出了建议。

According to the simple view of reading, reading comprehension falls into decoding and language comprehension. Emergent literacy skills, which refer to children＇s literacy- related knowledge, skills and aptitudes before they start learning reading and writing, serve as an important part of decoding, and underlie chil- dren＇s fluent reading and comprehension. Research shows that emergent literacy skills can be used to predict children＇ s reading ability after they go to school. Autistic children, however, have cognitive and oral disorders, and problems in the development of their literacy skills. The present study, based on the simple view of reading, reviewed the research into autistic children＇ s emergent literacy skins in recent years, introduced autistic children＇ s developments in letters, words, phonetics, and oral ability, and the effect of the family＇ s literacy environment on their emergent literacy skills, and analyzed possible interventions. In conclnsion, the author offered proposals for the future study and interventions.