脆弱性—抗逆力视角下西部地区精准扶贫策略优化研究——以云南省为例

Research on Optimization of Targeted Poverty Alleviation Strategy in View of Vulnerability-resilience in West China——Taking Yunnan Province as an Example

在精准扶贫工作中,我国西部地区存在着扶贫措施可操作性不强、精准度差、成效可持续性不强等问题,导致农户过分依赖外部扶持,生计资本缺乏,自我发展能力薄弱,扶贫政策受益不均,难以解决区域性贫困等。以云南省为例,从脆弱性—抗逆力角度对西部地区的扶贫策略进行优化,提出加强事前干预和动态分析,提升各层面的抗逆能力,降低陷入贫困的风险,增强政策针对性和实效性,加快实现精准脱贫。重点从个体、社区和政府不同层面对当前扶贫政策进行分析,提出拓展农业发展功能,增加农民增收渠道,发展生态旅游,发展壮大集体经济和创新农村金融服务等优化策略。

In promoting targeted poverty alleviation efforts in the western China,there were problems such as the poor operability of poverty alleviation measures,the poor targeting of poverty alleviation targets,the lack of sustainability of poverty alleviation results,and the difficulty of poverty alleviation for poor households. This led to farmers relying too much on external support,lack of livelihood capital led to weak self-development capacity,and the uneven benefit of poverty alleviation policies made it difficult to solve the regional poverty,and so on. Taking Yunnan Province as an example,this paper optimized the poverty reduction strategies in western China from the point of view of vulnerability and resilience,and put forward that we should strengthen ex ante intervention and dynamic analysis,improve resilience at all levels,reduce the risk of falling into poverty,and thus enhance the policy pertinence and effectiveness. We should speed up efforts to eradicate the poverty by precision. This paper focused on the analysis of current poverty reduction policies at the individual,community and government levels. Finally,it put forward the optimization strategies of expanding the function of agricultural development,increasing the channels for farmers to increase the income,developing eco-tourism,developing and expanding the collective economy and innovating rural financial services.