贵州三个世居少数民族24个Y-STR基因座的遗传多态性及遗传关系

Genetic polymorphism and relationship of 24 Y-STR loci among three ethnic minorities from Guizhou

目的调查贵州羌、满、畲等世居少数民族群体Y-STR基因座的单倍型分布，并评价其对于个体识别及群体遗传学的价值。方法用Microreader^TM 24Y Direct ID System试剂盒扩增174名无关男性的24个Y-STR基因座，将扩增产物在ABI3100遗传分析仪上进行电泳，用GeneMapper软件收集数据，统计3个群体的数据，并结合相关资料分析3个民族与其他群体之间的遗传关系。结果在3个群体中共检测到76种单倍型，其中羌族13种，满族35种，畲族28种。单倍型多样性依次为0．7327、0．9578、0．9344。畲族与羌族的遗传距离相对较近，与满族的遗传距离则相对较远。结论本研究所揭示的贵州3个世居少数民族父系的遗传分化特点及亲缘关系，可为研究该地区的父系起源、进化、融合等提供依据。

Objective To study the distribution of haplotypes of Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats （Y-STR） loci among three ethnic minorities from Guizhou, China. Methods Twenty four Y-STR loci of 174 unrelated males were amplified with a Microreader^TM 24Y Direct ID System kit. Capillary electrophoresis was carried out on an ABI 3100 Genetic Analyzer, and the data was analyzed with GeneMapper software. Results Seventy six haplotypes were identified for the 24 Y-STR loci among the three ethnic minorities, including 13 from the Qiangs, 35 from the Manchurians, and 28 from the Shes, with the corresponding Haplotype Diversity （HD） being 0. 7327, 0. 9578, and 0. 9344. Genetic distance between the Shes and Qiangs was relatively close, whilst that for Manchurians was relatively far. Conclusion Analysis of the genetic characteristics and relationship of the three ethnic minorities from Guizhou can provide a reference for the study of their origin, evolution and patrilineal fusion.