大果型早熟鲜食枣新品种‘早秋红’

A new jujube cultivar ‘Zaoqiuhong'

‘早秋红’是由山东地方品种‘大铃枣’中选出的大果型优良早熟鲜食枣新品种。果实倒卵圆形或近圆形,果皮鲜红色,果肉白色,皮薄肉细,汁液多,味甜;平均单果质量为18.5 g,最大单果质量为25.5 g;每个果实常含1粒不饱满的种子。可溶性固形物含量(ω,后同)为30.2%,总酸含量为0.61%,为早熟品种中的佳品;白熟期果实可做蜜枣,晶莹剔透,品质极优。果实发育期80~85 d,在山东8月底成熟;每个花序着花10~13朵,花夜开型,花药中无花粉。裂果轻。适宜在山东省及生态条件类似区域栽培,当年可开花结果,早实丰产。

‘Zaoqiuhong＇is a new jujube cultivar selected from Shandong local variety‘Dalingzao＇,which is characterized by big fruit, excellent quality, early maturity and fresh-eating. It was initially selected in 1983 for early ripening time, big fruit, light fruit cracking, and excellent quality. Its spring twigs were selected in 1984 as scion wood for establishing a top-grafting orchard. 16 years＇ observations from 1984—2000 demonstrated that the superior lines had fine and stable character. Variety comparative test and regional test were carried out at Taian, Laoling, Wudi in 2001, which were found good comprehensive characters and wide adaptability. Then the superior lines were named‘Zaoqiuhong＇and approved by provincial committee. The number is‘Lu S-SV-ZJ-033-2016＇. The tree is vigorous with medium vigor, semicircular crown and open tree gesture. Young branches are red-brown in color and less waxiness. Bearing branches are 21.5 cm long. The acupuncture is underdevelopment. Leaves are ovate to lanceolate, acuminate, 6.3 cm long, 2.5 cm wide, bluntly serrated. Flower is white, 0.6-0.8 cm across, open at night. Honey palte is yellow. Filament is short. Anther has no pollen. Fruits is mainly inverted ovoid or round, has fresh-red pell and light ware surface. Its flesh is white. It has thin skin, juicy flesh and sweet taste. The average fruit weight is 18.5 g, maximum fruit weight is 25.5 g, and 1 seed per fruit. The content of soluble solid is 30.2%, the content of total acid is 0.61%. The fruit in white ripe season possesses can be making candied jujube, which is crystal clear and good qualities. The fruit development period is 80-85 d and it matures at the end August in Shandong area.‘Zaoqiuhong＇have 10-13 inflorescences. It is resistant to fruit cracking. The cultivar is suitable for the Shandong Province and other regions with similar ecological conditions. It can bear fruits in the first year after planted, has high yield potential. Orchard can choose wide jujube or jujube as stock, grafting propagation, spacing in the rows and spacing between rows are（1.5-3）m ×（3-5）m, natural roundhead shape or trunk thin layer shape, pinching at florescence.