福建龙岩高泥质风化壳淋积型稀土矿柱浸工艺研究

High Muddy Weathered Crust Rare Earth with Column Leaching Process in Longyan,Fujian

以福建龙岩高泥质风化壳淋积型稀土矿为研究对象,采用恒水头渗透试验方法测定矿土渗透系数为0.3418 cm·h^(-1);同时,采用柱浸方式模拟堆浸生产过程,探究浸取剂浓度、注液强度、配矿比与注液方式等因素对稀土浸出的影响,为高效浸取高泥质风化壳淋积型稀土提供生产指导。结果表明:采用前期4%的高浓度(NH_4)_2SO_4,后期2%的低浓度(NH_4)_2SO_4进行组合表层注液,控制注液强度为40 L·(h·m^2)^(-1),适当添加粗颗粒砂石进行配矿浸取等方式,都能提高泥质矿土的渗透性,提高稀土浸出率。

The high muddy weathered crust rare earth of Longyan City,Fujian Province was treated as a research object.The permeability coefficient of mineralization was 0.3418 cm·h^-1 by constant head penetration test.At the same time,the process of heap leaching was simulated by the method of column leaching experiment.The effect of leaching agent concentration,pouring strength,ore ratio and injection method on the leaching of rare earth was studied systematically in order to improve the recovery rate of high muddy weathered crust rare earth.The findings showed that pre-4% high concentration of ammonium sulfate,late 2% of the low concentration of ammonium sulfate combined with surface injection,40.0 L·（h·m^2）^-1 of injection strength,the appropriate ore ratio etc can improve the permeability of mineral and improve the leaching rate of rare earth.