玄武岩纤维热防护纬编织物的开发及性能研究

Development and Performance Study of Thermal Protection Weft Knitted Fabric with Basalt Fibers

在分析玄武岩纤维纯纺纱线力学性能及耐酸碱性能的基础上,采用32.5 tex×2玄武岩纤维低捻度纯纺合股纱,在Stoll公司的CMS530HP型全自动电脑横机上编织4种弯纱深度及组织结构不同的纬编织物,并对织物的热防护性能进行测试与分析。结果表明,玄武岩纤维纯纺纱线经酸或碱溶液处理4 h后,断裂强力和断裂伸长率的保持率大于60%;玄武岩纤维脆性大、柔性小,编织速度和牵拉力宜偏低设置;纬编织物克质量越大,热防护性能越好;织物组织相同时,弯纱深度越大,织物热防护性能越差。该研究为研发具有热防护功能的高性能纬编织物提供技术参考。

Based on analyzing the mechanics and acid and alkali resistance property of basalt yarns, 4 kinds of weft fabrics with different bending depths and structures were knitted by using Stoll CMS530HP automatic comput- erized knitting machine, and the thermal protective performance （TPP） were tested and analyzed. The results shows that the breaking strength and elongation retention rate at break of basalt yarns are more than 60% after 4 hours of acid alkali solution treatment. Low speed and tension should be adopted to knit because of basalt fiber＇s brittleness and flexibility. The larger the weight per square meter of weft knitted fabric is, the better the thermal protection performance. Meanwhile, for the fabric with the same texture, the larger the stitch cam depth is, the worse the thermal protection performance of the fabric is. This study can provide technical reference for the development of high performance weft knitted fabrics with thermal protection function.