教育大数据应用于学业预警的设计研究——以农村留守儿童学业预警为例

A Design Research about Big Data of Education Applied to Academic Warning:An Example of the Early-warning System for Children Left Behind in Rural Areas

大数据时代的到来引发了教育领域的新革命,数字校园、智慧校园的推进产生了数量庞大、形式多样的教育数据。大数据的规模性、多样性、实时性的特性及描述、预测等基本功能,使教育与大数据的结合实现了个性化定制、优质化反馈和精准化预测。本文结合大数据技术的优势及学习者学习特点,分析了教育大数据解决学习者学业问题的价值,设计了基于教育大数据的学业预警系统(包括数据采集、信息库、数据分析、可视化反馈、预警与干预、干预效果评测六个相互联通的子系统),并以农村留守儿童为例构建了学业预警的指标体系,针对系统的设计与实施进行剖析。最后,对系统有效实施的条件及可行性进行了阐释。

The arrival of the era of big data has brought about a new revolution in the field of education.The promotion of digital campus and smart campus promotes the generation of huge and varied educational data.The basic functions of large data, such as the nature of scale, diversity and value, as well as the basic functions of description and prediction, make the combination of education and large data to achieve quality feedback, personalized customization and precision prediction.Based on the advantages of large data technology and the characteristics of learners＇ learning, this paper analyzes the value of educational data to solve the academic problems of learners, and constructs an academic early warning system based on big data of education, including six interconnected subsystems（data collection, information base, data analysis, visual feedback, early warning and intervention, and evaluation of intervention effects）. Taking the left behind children as an example, the index system of academic warning is proposed, and the design and use of the system are analyzed.Finally, the conditions and feasibility of effective implementation of the system are explained.