我国医养结合养老服务政策网络与耦合协同

The Policy Network and Coupling synergy of Medical Care and Pension Service in China

人口老龄化背景下,应对养老照护压力,需要整个社会系统基于差异化需求提供精准品质化服务。医养结合是基于健康养老理念、实现积极老龄化、系统化创新养老服务发展的必然趋势。我国医养结合养老服务的实践探索取得成绩的同时仍存在障碍,困境在于没有厘清医养服务的政策网络及运行机制。本文从环境支持、服务供给、实际需求几方面梳理医养服务的政策网络,分析政策过程中互动并产出一定因果关系的政策社群、专业网络、府际网络、生产者网络和议题网络等不同行为体。围绕医养服务问题,网络中各系统具有共同的价值理念及既冲突又相容的目标,在资源共享的网络中鲜明职能定位,在整体协同视角下实现在多元化和异质化发展中的利益共通。

Under the background of aging population, it is necessary for the whole social system to provide precise quality services based on differentiated needs to cope with the pressure of care for the elderly. The combination of medical care and pension service is an inevitable trend based on the concept of health care, the implementation of active aging and systematic innovation. Some practice have made some achievements, at the same time, there are obstacles. The root of the dilemma is not clarifying the policy network and operation mechanism. From the aspects of managers, providers and target groups, the article define the network boundary of the combination of medical care and pension service, discuss the social system of environmental support providers, service providers and actual demand parties. The combination is formed by different actors, such as policy community, professional network, intergovernmental network, producer network and topic network. Actors have common values, conflicting and compatible goals. In the network, the subjects have distinct functions, influence each other, resolve conflicts and expand participation, at the same time, from the perspective of integrity, the policy network will achieve the goals of diversification, heterogeneity, and the common interests.