HPS教育的新进路：“学科文化”理论及其在科学教育中的应用

Discipline Culture and Its Application in Science Education:A New Program of HPS

本文在概括和分析HPS在科学教育中的价值及所面临的困境的基础上,介绍了近几年来国外HPS教育的另一种研究进路——"学科文化"理论,该理论将各门学科视为具有相同结构——内核、躯体和外缘——的文化形式,如物理文化、数学文化、化学文化等,使科学与科学史、科学哲学有机地融为一个整体,从而能很好地应对HPS教育在实践中面临的种种困难和挑战。此外,该理论将科学教育看作是一种对科学文化的"适应"过程,而科学文化是扎根于人类文化之中的各种亚文化(学科文化)所组成的整体,这种观念对于有效实施科学教育、使学生正确理解科学的本质等方面具有积极意义。

On the basis of summarizing and analyzing the value of HPS in Science Education and the difficulties it faces,this paper introduces a new program of HPS abroad in recent years,which is called Discipline Culture. Discipline Culture displays the structure of the disciplinary knowledge to be learned and thus fulfills the fundamental requirement of science education. It treats all disciplines as a cultural form with the same structure which consists of three parts,Nucleus,Body,and Periphery. It makes the science and the history of science and philosophy of science organically integrated as a whole in order to deal well with the difficulties and challenges faced by HPS education in practice.In addition,the theory treats science education as a process of adaptation to Science Culture,and science culture encompassall sorts of subculture(Physics Culture,Chemistry Culture,Mathematics Culture. etc.)as a whole which are rooted in the human culture. Therefore,it has positive significance for the correct understanding of the nature of science and effective implementation of science education.