水凝胶在局限期前列腺癌放疗中的研究进展

Research progress in hydrogel in radiotherapy of localized prostate cancer

近年来，我国前列腺癌的发病率呈逐年上升趋势。局限期前列腺癌的手术治疗与外放疗的效果相似。由于直肠靠近前列腺，对前列腺癌进行放疗常导致放射性直肠炎。国外学者尝试在直肠与前列腺间隙注入聚乙二醇水凝胶，以隔开直肠与前列腺，进而降低直肠受量和放射性直肠炎的发生率。本文从聚乙二醇水凝胶的应用基础、生物材料、辐射的稳定性、注射技术以及剂量学与临床效果等方面展开综述。

In recent years,the incidence rate of prostate cancer has been gradually elevated year by year in China. External radiotherapy yields similar clinical efficacy to surgery in the treatment of localized prostate cancer. Because the rectum is close to the prostate, the radiotherapy targeting for prostate cancer constantly causes radiation-related proctitis. Recently, multiple researchers have attempted to inject polyethylene glycol hydrogel into the rectal prostate space to separate the rectum from the prostate, thereby reducing the radiation dose coverage for the rectum and minimizing the risk of radiation-related proetitis. In this article, the application basis, radiation stability, injection technology, dosimetry and clinical efficacy of polyethylene glycol hydrogel injection were summarized.