畜禽粪污沼液氮磷处理技术研究进展

Research Progress of the Treatment of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Livestock and Poultry Manure Biogas Slurry

结合国内外研究进展,从畜禽粪污沼液处理与资源化利用这2个角度出发,分别介绍与评价了生物法、吸附法、液体肥料、微藻法及鸟粪石结晶法的研究进展以及存在问题。分析表明,生物法、液体肥料与微藻法分别存在难于回收、重金属污染风险及难于规模化等限制。认为采用吸附或者鸟粪石结晶的手段将畜禽粪污沼液中的氮磷以缓释肥的形式还田,不但能避免沼液直接还田时其他污染物造成的环境风险,且缓释肥相比液体肥料便于运输与存放,非常具有实际应用前景。

The research progress and existing problems of biological, adsorption, liquid fertilizer, microalgae and struvite crystallization methods for livestock manure biogas slurry treatment and resource utilization at home and abroad were introduced and evaluated. The results showed that the biological method,the liquid fertilizer and the microalgae method have some limitations, such as difficult to recycle, heavy metal pollution risk and difficult to scale. Nitrogen and phosphorus can reuse in livestock and poultry manure biogas slurry in the form of slow-release fertilizer by adsorption and struvite crystallization methods. It can not only avoid the environmental risk caused by other pollutants when biogas slurry is returned to the field directly, but also can be transported and stored more easily than liquid fertilizers, which has practical application prospect.