惠州市某医院C臂机房内工作人员X射线防护服铅当量的选择及屏蔽效果验证

Selection of lead equivalent of X-ray protective clothing for workers in C-arm imaging room of a hospital from Huizhou City and verification of shielding effect

目的为惠州市某医院C臂机房内工作人员合理选择最佳铅当量的X射线防护服提供依据。方法以某医院C臂手术室为例,通过理论估算对机房内工作人员X射线防护服的铅当量进行选择;模拟测量110、100、80、60 k V管电压下,分别经过0.15、0.25、0.35及0.50 mm Pb X射线防护服屏蔽前后,C臂机房内工作人员所在位置胸部散射线周围剂量当量率,评价X射线防护服屏蔽效果。结果理论估算显示,医生操作位需配备X射线防护服的铅当量宜为0.25 mm Pb,护士操作位需配备X射线防护服的铅当量宜为0.15 mm Pb;现场验证表明,上述4种不同铅当量X射线防护服的屏蔽效率依次为86.0%~95.8%、93.6%~99.2%、96.0%~99.9%和99.7%~99.9%,X射线防护服屏蔽后工作人员周受照剂量依次为3.2~103.1、0.6~47.3、0~29.7和0~1.2μSv。结论在无其他辅助防护设施的情况下,该院为C臂机房内医生操作位配备X射线防护服的铅当量应为0.25 mm Pb,为护士操作位配备X射线防护服的铅当量应为0.15 mm Pb;理论估算可作为C臂机房内工作人员配备X射线防护服时选择铅当量的一种参考方法。

[ Objective ] To provide the basis for the rational selection of the optimal lead equivalent X-ray protective clothing for workers in C-arm imaging room of a hospital from Huizhou City. [Methods] The C-arm imaging operating room in a hospital was chosen as an example, and the lead equivalent of X-ray protective clothing for workers in the room was selected by theoretical estimation. Shielding effect of X-ray protective clothing was evaluated by workers＂ dose rates around the chest resulted from scattered X-ray measured by simulating measurement under 110, 100, 80 and 60 kV tube voltage and 0.15, 0.25, 0.35 and 0.50 mm Pb X-ray protective clothing respectively before and after shielding. [Results] Theoretical estimation showed that the lead equivalent of X-ray protective clothing for doctors should be 0.25 mm Pb and that for nurses should be 0.15 mm Pb. Verification showed that the shielding efficiency of the four kinds of X-ray protective clothing with different lead equivalent was 86.0%-95.8%, 93.6%-99.2%, 96.0%-99.9% and 99.7%-99.9%, respectively. Weekly doses for workers with shielding of X-ray protective clothing was 3.2-103.1, 0.6-47.3, 0-29.7 and 0-1.2 μSv, respectively. [Conclusion] In the absence of other auxiliary protective devices, lead equivalent of X-ray protective clothing for doctors should be 0.25 mm Pb and that for nurses should be 0.15 mm Pb. Theoretical estimation can be used as a reference method for selecting lead equivalent of X-ray protective clothing for workers in C-arm imaging room.