天津市宝坻区村民布鲁菌病知晓现状及健康教育效果评价

Awareness status of brucellosis and effectiveness evaluation of health education among villagers in Baodi District of Tianjin

目的了解天津市宝坻区普通村民对布鲁菌病的知晓情况,观察对其进行专题健康教育后的效果。方法选择宝坻区6个镇20个村的村民共1 280人作为健康教育对象。健康教育前后用统一的调查问卷以面对面的形式随机对677人进行调查,两次调查都有效的问卷共638份。健康教育前的调查为知晓率调查,健康教育后的调查为专题宣教效果评价。结果健康教育前布鲁菌病防治知识的总体知晓率为13.95%,健康教育后为77.43%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。村民布鲁菌病知晓率与年龄、性别无关(P>0.05),与文化水平、职业有关(P<0.05),但在健康教育后,不同职业的村民知晓率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论宝坻区村民布鲁菌病知晓率较低,经过专题健康教育后有显著提高;多种形式面对面地开展科普健康教育是防控布鲁菌病的有效措施。

[Objective] To understand the awareness of brucellosis among villagers in Baodi District of Tianjin, and to observe the effects of health education. [Methods] A total of 1280 villagers from 20 villages in 6 towns in Baodi District were selected as health education subjects. Before and after health education, 677 individuals were randomly interviewed in a face-to-face questionnaire. 638 questionnaires were deemed valid for two surveys. The pre-health education survey was the awareness rate survey, and the post-heahh education survey was the effectiveness evaluation of thematic education. [Results] The total awareness rate of knowledge on prevention and control of brucellosis before health education was 13.95%, and 77.43% after health education, the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.01）. The awareness rate of brucellosis among villagers was not related to age and gender （P〉O.05）, but was related to educational level and occupation （P〈0.05）. However, the difference of awareness rate among villagers with different occupation was not statistically significant after health education （P〉0.05）, [Conclusion] The awareness rate of brucellosis among local villagers is lower. After thematic health education, the awareness rate has improved significantly. Multiple forms of face-to-face health education are effective measures to prevent and control brucellosis.