低温富集液液萃取分析苦瓜挥发性成分

Analysis of Volatile Components of Momordica Charantia L.with Low Temperature Enrichment Liquid-liquid Extraction

本文采用一种新颖的低温富集液液萃取法对苦瓜中的挥发性成分进行了提取,采用气相色谱质谱联用(Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer,GC-MS)的检测技术结合保留指数对苦瓜中的挥发性成分进行定性分析,共鉴定出酯类物质1种、黄酮类物质1种、烯烃类物质2种、醛类物质3种、醇类物质3种、羧酸类物质4种,烷烃类物质10种共24种物质,其中棕榈酸、硬脂酸和十八烯含量较高分别占36.68%、12.82%和13.46%。与常温液液萃取结果相比较,低温条件下共萃取出14种特有物质,包括烷烃类(10.16%)、烯烃类(14.8%)、醛类(2.08%)、醇类(0.51%)、酯类(1.95%)和酸类(49.92%),这些成分大多为高沸点物质。因此,低温萃取可选择性富集难挥发性物质,具有较好的应用价值。

The volatile components in Momordica Charantia L. were extracted with a novel low temperature enrichment liquidliquid extraction method and then were qualitatively analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS） combined with retention index. A total of 24 components were identified, including esters（1 kind）, flavones（1 kind）, olefins（2 kinds）, aldehydes（3 kinds）, alcohols（3 kinds）, carboxylic acids（4 kinds）, and alkanes（10 kinds）. The contents of palmitic acid, stearic acid and octadecene are 36.68%, 12.82% and 13.46% respectively. Compared with the room temperature, 14 specialised components were extracted by this method at low temperatures,including alkanes（10.16%）, olefins（14.8%）, aldehydes（2.08%）, alcohols（0.51%）, esters（1.95%） and acids（49.92%） Therefore,this method is capable of selectively enriching the substances with large polarity and difficult volatility and it＇s more valuable in application.