基于正交实验的高温合金激光打孔成型质量研究

Research on the Formation Quality of Laser Drilling of Superalloy Based on Orthogonal Experiment

采用正交实验法对GH4133高温合金进行激光打孔实验研究与分析,得到了脉冲宽度、脉冲能量、扩束比、离焦量和辅助气体压力等参数对微孔锥度和上下孔径的影响程度,并采用综合平衡法获得了GH4133高温合金激光打孔的优化工艺参数组合。结果表明,离焦量、扩束比、脉冲宽度对微孔锥度的影响较大,辅助气体压力和脉冲能量的影响较小;离焦量、脉冲能量对上下孔径影响较大,扩束比、辅助气体压力、脉冲宽度的影响较小;得到的优化工艺参数组合为脉冲宽度0.5mm,脉冲能量1J,扩束比4,离焦量1mm,辅助气体压力3.0bar;并通过实验验证,采用优化工艺参数组合可加工出锥度和上下孔径均较小的微孔,且成型质量较好。

The orthogonal experimental method is utilized to carry out the experimental investigation for the laser drilling of the superalloy GH4133.The influence levels of the process parameters such as pulse width,pulse energy,beam expansion ratio,defocus amount and assist gas pressure on the microhole taper and upper/lower hole diameter are analyzed.The optimization of process parameters for laser drilling of superalloy GH4133 is obtained by the integrated balance method.The results show that the defocus amount,the beam expansion ratio,and the pulse width have a greater influence on the taper of the microhole,the effects of the assist gas pressure and the pulse energy are smaller.The defocus amount and the pulse energy have a great influence on the upper/lower microhole diameter,the effects of the beam expansion ratio,the assist gas pressure and the pulse width are smaller.The optimized process parameters are as follows：pulse width 0.5 mm,pulse energy 1 J,beam expansion ratio 4,defocus amount 1 mm,and assist gas pressure 3.0 bar.It is proved by the experiment that the microhole with smaller taper angle and upper/lower diameter can be processed with the optimized process parameter combinations,and the formation quality is better.