美国高校图书馆版权办公室的机构设置与借鉴分析

The Institution setting of Copyright Office of American University Library and Its Enlightenments

[目的/意义]随着"互联网+"时代的到来,美国许多高校图书馆为了规避版权风险、提高师生版权意识与解决版权纠纷,纷纷设立版权办公室。美国一些高校版权办公室已经相当成熟,其经验值得我国高校图书馆借鉴和学习。[方法/过程]文章对哥伦比亚大学、密歇根大学、加州大学、北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校、纽约大学、杜克大学、普渡大学、斯坦福大学、得克萨斯州立大学和普林斯顿大学10所大学版权办公室进行调查研究,从版权办公室职责、人员设置、版权服务内容三个方面比较其异同,主要研究了版权服务内容,包括版权信息、版权清理、版权指南、资源推荐、版权教育与开放获取等。[结果/结论]文章提出了我国高校图书馆应设置相应的版权管理部门,加强对图书馆内部人员的培训,建立专业版权馆员,学习美国高校图书馆版权服务内容,包括注重版权指导、提供版权教育、替代教师进行许可谈判和帮助寻找开放资源等几点可行性意见。

[Purpose/significance] With the advent of ＂Internet ＋ ＂era,many university libraries in the United States have established copyright offices in order to avoid copyright risks,improve teachers＇ and students＇ copyright awareness and solve copyright disputes. Some universities＇ copyright offices in the United States have quite developed,and their experience is worth learning and referring for domestic university libraries. [Method/process]This paper examines the copyright offices of the Columbia University,the University of Michigan,the University of California,the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,the New York University,the Duke University,the Purdue University,the Stanford University,the Texas State University,and the Princeton University.The copyright offices are compared from the responsibilities of the copyright office,staff settings,and copyright service content. The comparison highlights their copyright service content,including copyright information,copyright clearance,copyright guide,resources recommendation,copyright education,open access,and so on. [Result/conclusion] On this basis,the paper proposes to establish the corresponding copyright management departments in Chinese university libraries,strengthen the staff training within the library,employ professional copyright librarians,learn the contents of the American university library copyright service,such as paying attention to the copyright guidance,providing copyright education,professional librarians replacing teachers for licensing negotiations and searching open resources.