论“窜于戎狄”时期周部族的社会组织结构

On the Social Organization Structure of the Zhou Tribes during the Period of “Channeling at Rong di”

史载迁居岐山之前周部族生活在"戎狄之间",关于其社会组织性质的讨论,过去提出的氏族说和国家说,都有一定程度的理论缺陷。借鉴相关政治学理论,深入分析先周历史的文献和考古资料,可发现这一时期周部族已经是一个政治上初具规模的贵族部落国,并与其他戎狄部族的贵族部落国组成较为松散的贵族部落国联盟。以武装化与经常迁徙为特点的"戎狄之俗",正是这一时期周部族政治组织水平逐步成熟,并最后建立西周统一国家的重要原因。

Clan tribe and country are two opinions about the Nature of Zhou Clan Social Organizations Before Moving to Qishan, both of which have theoretical defect. Based on the relevant political science theory,,we analyze the results of archaeology and ancient literature about Pre-Zhou history, then we conclude that the Zhou clan was already a noble dominion tribal state during this period and formed a more loose coalition of noble tribal states with other tribes of Rongdi tribes. The ＂custom of Rong Di＂ featuring armed and frequent migrations is the important reason why the political organization of the Zhou clan gradually matured during this period and finally established the Western Zhou Dynasty countries.