不同养殖方式方格星虫的营养组成比较

Comparative analysis of nutritional composition of Sipunculus nudus Linnaeus in different aquaculture modes

为研究相同海域滩涂和池塘养殖方格星虫(Sipunculus nudus Linnaeus)营养组成的异同,比较了2种养殖方式下的方格星虫体壁脂肪酸、氨基酸、矿物元素和基本营养物质组成。结果显示,滩涂和池塘养殖方格星虫体壁的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分、脂肪酸总量相近(P>0.05)。滩涂和池塘养殖星虫的C22:0、C20:3(n-3)、C16:1、C18:2(n-6)、C23:0含量差异显著(P<0.05),且作为硅藻脂肪酸特征的C16:1(n-7)/C16:0比值和C20:5(n-3)也具有显著差异(P<0.05)。池塘养殖的方格星虫谷氨酸(Glu)、总氨基酸含量显著高于滩涂养殖(P<0.05),而必需氨基酸之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。池塘养殖方格星虫体壁和沉积物中的钾(K)、钠(Na)、镁(Mg)、钙(Ca)、硒(Se)含量均高于滩涂养殖方格星虫相应体壁和沉积物中的含量(P<0.05),而且2种养殖方式下的方格星虫体壁K、Se含量均显著高于相应沉积物中的含量(P<0.05)。综合分析表明,相同海域不同养殖方式并不会显著影响方格星虫的基本营养组成(粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分),但是对于Glu、总氨基酸以及C22:0、C20:3(n-3)、C16:1、C16:1(n-7)/C16:0比值和C20:5(n-3)等具有影响。方格星虫对K、Na、Mg、Ca、Se具有一定程度的富集作用,而对于铁(Fe)、锌(Zn)、锰(Mn)、铜(Cu)、铅(Pb)、铬(Cr)、镉(Cd)、钴(Co)等元素无明显富集作用。

To study the effects of two aquaculture modes （tidal flat and pond） on the composition of fatty acids, amino acids and mineral elements ofSipunculus nudus Linnaeus, we compared the nutritional composition in the body wall of S.nudus and mineral elements in sediments. The results indicate that the effect of aquaculture environment on the protein, fat, ash and total fatty acid contents of S.nudus were insignificant （P〉0.05）. There was significant difference among C22：0, C20：3 （n-3）, C16：1, C18：2 （n-6）, C23：0 and C20：5 （n-3） in the two aquaculture modes （P〈0.05）, and the diatom characteristic fatty acids （C16：1 （n-7）/C16：0 and C20：5 （n-3）） in tidal flat were significantly higher than those in pond （P〈0.05）. The total amino acids and Glu contents of S.nudus in pond were significantly higher than those in tidal fiat （P〈0.05）, and there was no significant difference in the essential ammonia acids of S.nudus between the two groups （P〉0.05）. The contents of the K, Na, Mg, Ca and Se in the body wall of S.nudus and in sediments in pond mode were higher than that those in tidal flat mode （P〈0.05）, and the K, Se contents in the body wall of S.nudus in the two aquaculture modes were higher than those in sediments （P〈0.05）. The results indicate that different environment will not significantly affect the basic nutritional composition of S.nudus which can accumulate K, Na, Mg, Ca and Se to a certain extent but can not accumulate Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Pb, Cr, Cd and Co significantly.