周公庙07TG5与TG6堆积结构分析——兼论“发掘区堆积结构分析方法”

Analysis of the Formation Process of 07TG5 and TG6 at the Zhougongmiao Site: Methodological Discussion on the Analysis of the Structure of Depositional Formation in Excavation

厘清聚落结构是判断聚落性质的前提。发掘区"堆积结构"分析,有助于聚落结构的厘清。本文在阐释相关概念的基础上,以2007年周公庙发掘的两条探沟资料为例,从堆积单位的考古学文化归属和期别年代判断、功能属性判断与堆积类型划分、堆积单位"区位"特征分析、堆积类型的阶段变化解析入手,结合发掘区的聚落区位背景,探讨了周公庙遗址商周时期聚落与社会变迁的相关问题,得出了一些有益的认识。同时,总结了发掘区"堆积结构"分析方法的一般技术路线,指明了其中重点与关键,或可裨益于今后同类研究。

The clarification of the settlement structure is one key step for understanding the nature of a settlement. This article proposes a methodology called ＇structure of depositional processes＇ in order to facilitate the study of this issue. The author first explains basic concepts and illustrates this methodology through the excavation of two trenches at the Zhougongrniao site in 2007. Based on the explanation of the nature of archaeological culture and chronology of each ＇excavation unit＇, the identification of functions, the typology of each depositional type, the contextual analysis of each depositional unit, and the chronological change of depositional type, the author synthesizes archaeological remains in the context of the entire settlement and explain the transformation of settlements and societies at the Zhougongmiao site during the Shang and Zhou periods. Through the case study, the author summarizes key aspects in the application of this methodology in future studies.