基于北斗共视的国际时间比对研究

Study of international common view time comparison by Beidou

基于全球卫星导航系统的时间比对是当前国际标准时间产生过程中的主要技术之一,美国的GPS和俄罗斯的GLONASS系统都已被国际权度局正式列为国际标准时间比对的手段。为促使北斗尽早加入国际标准时间的计算,中国科学院国家授时中心和瑞典国家技术研究院以及比利时国家天文台等欧洲守时实验室在全球卫星导航系统时间比对标准的框架下,基于上述3个守时实验室各自保持的各国时间基准系统,利用北斗伪码实测数据,在国内外首次开展了北斗卫星导航系统亚欧长基线高精度共视时间比对试验。结果表明,该试验中北斗零基线共钟比对结果的标准偏差（STDEV）优于1 ns,亚欧长基线北斗共视时间比对STDEV优于2.5 ns,天稳可达10-14量级,这与GPS共视性能基本相当。表明我国北斗卫星导航系统现已可用于纳秒级高精度时间传递与远距离时间比对,该试验的完成为北斗正式纳入国际标准时间的计算提供了技术支持。

Global navigation satellite system（GNSS） time transfer is one of the major technologies in the generation of international standard time. Global positioning system（GPS） and global navigation satellite system（GLONASS） have been authorized as the official method by BIPM. To promote the application of Beidou in the realization of international standard time,Beidou common view time transfer is firstly implemented through the pseudo code measured data among the national time service center,Chinese academy of sciences,technical research institutes of Sweden and royal observatory of Belgium in the frame of GNSS time transfer standard.Experimental results are summarized as follows. The STDEV of zero-baseline Beidou common view time transfer is less than 1 ns. The RMS of Asia-Euro long baseline Beidou common view time transfer is better than 1. 7 ns. The stability can reach 10-14（1 day）. This is almost the same level with GPS common view time transfer. It is proved that Beidou can be adopted as the nanosecond level of time transfer or time comparison. The experiment can support that Beidou will be involved as the official method in the calculation of the international standard time in future.