乳腺癌患者的超声征象表现与组织学特征的关系研究

Study on the Relationship between Ultrasonographic Signs and Histological Characteristics of Breast Cancer Patients

目的:研究乳腺癌患者的超声征象表现与组织学特征的关系。方法:收集自2012年5月-2016年5月在我院接受诊治的240例乳腺癌患者作为研究对象,所有患者手术前接受超声检查,分析超声征象与病理组织学分型、分级以及雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)表达之间的关系。结果:240例乳腺癌患者中,有57例(23.75%)呈规则形态,183例(76.25%)呈不规则形态;171例(71.25%)肿块边界有毛刺,69例(28.75%)肿块无毛刺;210例(87.50%)肿块呈现后方回声无衰减或增强,30例(12.50%)肿块呈现后方回声衰减;118例(49.17%)出现微小钙化,122例(50.83%)没有出现微小钙化。在不同病理学分型中,不规则形态、肿块边界毛刺发生率具有明显差异(P<0.05),不规则形态发生率由高到低的顺序为:浸润性小叶癌、浸润性导管癌、导管内癌、特殊类型癌,浸润性导管癌和浸润性小叶癌边界毛刺发生率显著高于导管内癌和特殊类型癌(P<0.05),而在不同病理组织学分型、病理学分级、ER表达、PR表达中,后方回声衰减、微小钙化发生率比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:乳腺癌超声征象表现与病理组织学特征密切相关,超声诊断对于病理组织学类型具有一定的预测作用。

Objective： To study the relationship between ultrasonographic signs and histological characteristics of breast cancer patients. Methods： 240 patients with breast cancer treated in our hospital from May 2012 to May 2016 were enrolled as research object.All patients received ultrasonic examination before operation. The relationship between the ultrasonographic signs and histopathological classification, grading, the expression of estrogen receptor（ER）, progesterone receptor（PR） were analyzed. Results： In 240 cases of breast cancer patients, there were 57 cases（23.75%） showed regular morphology and 183 cases（76.25%） showed irregular morphology.171 cases（71.25%） had burr in tumor boundary, 69 cases（28.75%） had not burr in tumor boundary. 210 cases（87.50%） presented had no attenuation or enhancement in posteriorecho and 30 cases（12.50%） had attenuation in posteriorecho. 118 cases（49.17%） had slight calcification and 122 cases（50.83%） had no calcification. The incidence rate of irregular morphology and tumor boundary burr had obvious differences in different pathological types（P〈0.05）. The incidence rate of irregular morphology from high to low was infiltrating lobular carcinoma,infiltrating ductal carcinoma, intraductal carcinoma and special type carcinoma. The incidence rate of boundary burr in infiltrating ductal carcinoma and infiltrating lobular carcinoma was significantly higher than that in intraductal carcinoma and special type carcinoma（P〈0.05）. There was no significant difference in the incidence rate of posterior echo attenuation and microcalcification between different histopathological classification, pathological grading, ER expression and PR expression（P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The ultrasonographic signs of breast cancer are closely related to the histopathological characteristics, and the ultrasound diagnosis has certain predictive effect on the histopathological types.