抗IgE抗体在儿童支气管哮喘中的应用及研究进展

Application and progress of anti-IgE antibody in children with bronchial asthma

支气管哮喘是一种以慢性气道炎症为主要特征的异质性疾病,IgE在其发病机制中起至关重要的作用。随着对哮喘的分子生物学和单克隆抗体的研究深入,抗IgE抗体在哮喘的治疗上已经取得了重大突破。奥马珠单抗是一种重组人源化抗IgE单克隆抗体,作为治疗中-重度过敏性哮喘的药物已在临床应用十余年。临床研究表明,奥马珠单抗可以明显改善哮喘症状,减少哮喘急性发作,改善哮喘患儿的生活质量,从而提高哮喘控制水平。除奥马珠单抗之外,其他新型抗IgE抗体也开始进入研发和临床试验阶段,期望为哮喘患儿提供更多治疗的选择。

Bronchial asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation, in which IgE plays a vital pathogenesis role. With the deepened research on the molecular biology and monoclonal antibody of asthma, anti-IgE therapy has represented a major breakthrough in the treatment of asthma. Omalizumab is a recombinant humanized anti-IgE monoclonal antibody, which is used in clinical practice more than a decade years. Many studies demonstrate that omalizumab can significantly improve asthma symptoms, reduce the incidence and the frequency of asthma exacerbations, and improve the quality of life in children with allergic asthma. Moreover, many novel anti-IgE monoclonal antibodies are in the stage of research or clinical trials, to provide more therapeutic options for children with asthma.