杜诗学视角下清初学者“意法论”诗学理论和方法

Theory of Yifa: A Poetic Theory and Method in the Early Qing Dynasty from the View of Dufu's Poems

"意法论"的提出者是清初杜诗学者陈之壎,也是清代诗论家普遍认同的观点。"意法论"指诗意与诗法并重,两者互为表里,强调作品内容与形式的一致性。"意法论"是在"以意逆志"的理论背景下、在清初杜诗阐释的实践中产生出来的具有普遍意义的古代诗学的理论和方法。从其概念命名、产生本源、文本依据以及作为批评方法的实践,都形成了比较完整的理论体系,对于构建中国古代文学的理论和方法具有积极意义。

The poetic theory of yifa 意法（literally theme and form）, proposed by Chen Zhixun, was well accepted in the early Qing Dynasty. Attaching equal importance to both the theme and the pattern of poems, Chen＇s theory emphasized the organic unity between content and form. As an importance poetic theory and method with universal significance, the yifa theory was not only a new development of the traditional poetic theory that advocated accessing the poet＇s intention through developing due understanding of the poem at issue with the help of one＇s personal experience but an achievement in the studies on Du Fu＇s poems in the early Qing Dynasty as well. Chen＇s theory is relatively systematic and comprehensive with well-defined concepts and terms, reliable theoretical and textual sources and workable methods for doing poetic criticism, thus having positive implications for developing theory and method for doing ancient Chinese literary studies.