大鼠羊水栓塞模型的法医病理学检验分析

The experiment study of forensic pathology of amniotic fluid embolism model in rats

目的探讨大鼠不同剂量和不同时间点羊水栓塞(AFE)模型的法医病理学检验特点。方法健康孕晚期SD大鼠40只,随机分成不同剂量AFE的4组和正常对照组;健康孕晚期SD大鼠40只,随机分成不同时间点AFE的4组和正常对照组;上述各组AFE大鼠麻醉、做子宫次全切并在体外收集羊水,从下腔静脉注入规定剂量的自体羊水,到时间后拉颈处死,取肺脑肝组织行病理学检查。结果 (1)按标准操作的各组大鼠在处死前均无死亡;(2)大剂量组和极大剂量组存在小灶状肺梗死、肺出血;(3)不同剂量的4组中,大剂量组7只(87.5%)和极大剂量组8只(100%)肺组织有重度肺水肿、肺出血及炎性反应;(4)不同剂量的4组中,低剂量组3只(37.5%)肺组织中未检出羊水成分,其余各组均检出羊水成分;(5)不同时间点的4组中,24h组检见羊水成分的吸收和分解情况。结论少量羊水进入下腔静脉后存在未检出的情况,且在24h组中发现羊水成分有吸收和分解情况。

Objective To investigate the forensic pathology characteristics of the amniotic fluid embolism（AFE） model in different doses and different time points in rats. Methods Forty healthy adult female SD rats（20 day pregnancy） were randomly divided into amniotic group（n=8,4 different doses injected with amniotic fluid）and control group（n=8,injected with normal saline）.Forty healthy adult female SD rats（20 day pregnancy） were randomly divided into 4 different time group（n=8,injected with 4 ml/kg amniotic fluid）and control group（n=8,injected with normal saline）.After inferior vena cava injection,pulmonary, brain and hepatic tissue were taken out.The histology of pulmonary, brain and hepatic tissue were determined by immunohistochemistry（HE/APM/anti-16）. Results（1）None was found death according to the standard operation during the observation period.（2）In this experiment,pulmonary infarction and pulmonary hemorrhage were observed in high-dose group and the maximal dose group, but no such changes were found in control group.（3）Pulmonary tissue with severe pulmonary edema, pulmonary hemorrhage and inflammatory reaction were observed in high-dose group（7 rats,87.5%） and the maximal dose group（8 rats,100%）.（4）After injection, 37.5% rats in low-dose group were not observed amniotic fluid composition in lung tissue, the rest of the groups were detected amniotic fluid.（5）In four groups at different time points, absorption and decomposition of amniotic fluid composition were observed in 24 h group. Conclusion In this experiment, part of rats after injected a small dose of amniotic fluid into the inferior vena cava are not observed amniotic fluid composition. Absorption and decomposition of amniotic fluid composition are observed in 24 h group.