陶渊明门第观念的进与退

The Back and Forth of Tao Yuanming's Class Concept

陶渊明作为东晋时期的士人,在魏晋南北朝盛行的九品中正制的选官背景下,也同世家大族一样具有门第观念。陶渊明生活的时代背景复杂多变,但以门第观念为主导思想的观念始终贯穿其中,东晋时期重视门第,陶渊明进入仕途离不开家世背景的帮助。陶渊明不仅对自己在功绩方面有高要求,在对待其子读书方面亦希望可以"好纸笔"可见魏晋时期的门第观念对陶渊明仕途道路产生最重要影响。

Tao Yuanming, as a scholar in the Eastern Jin dynasty, also had the same class concept as the influential and privileged families in the office -selecting background of the Nine-rank system which prevailed in the Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties. The time Tao Yuanming lives was complicated, but the concept which took the class concept as the dominant idea runs through the period. And the Eastern Jin dynasty attached importance to family class, Tao Yuanming＇s entering into official career could not leave the help of family background. Tao Yuanming not only had high requests for himself in terms of achievement, but also hoped his son could be good at writing. Furthermore, the class concept had the most important influence on Tao Yuanming＇s official career in Wei, Jin period.