不同方法学检测乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原的结果分析

Analysis on results of different detection methods for hepatitis B virus surface antigen

目的采用不同方法学检测乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBs Ag)的差异。方法以电化学发光免疫法(ECLIA)作为检测HBs Ag的参考方法,选取酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检出的570例阳性样本作为研究对象,采用胶体金法进行检测,若检测结果与ELISA不一致,则再采用ECLIA进行复检。结果在ELISA检出的570例阳性样本中,胶体金法检出454例阳性、116例阴性,与ELISA检测结果不符;采用ECLIA法进行复检,116例阴性标本中77例阳性、39例阴性;ELISA检测HBs Ag的阳性预测值为93.16%(531/570),胶体金法检测HBs Ag的阴性预测值为33.62%(39/116)。结论不同方法学具备不同的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值及阴性预测值等性能指标,实验室通过对其性能进行评估来确定不同方法的不同用途,这是检验工作质量的保证,也是避免临床漏诊和误诊的必然要求。

Objective To explore the difference of hepatitis B virus surface antigen（HBsAg）detected by differentmethods.Methods The electrochemiluminescence immunoassay（ECLIA）was used as a reference method for detecting HB？sAg,and 570 positive samples detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）were selected as the research objectand detected by colloidal gold method.If the results were not consistent with ELISA,then ECLIA was used for reexamination.Results In the 570 cases positive samples detected by ELISA,454 cases were positive and 116 cases were negative by colloi？dal gold method,which was inconsistent with ELISA test results;the ECLIA method was used for re examination,and in the 116cases negative specimens,77 cases were positive and 39 cases were negative;the positive predictive value of ELISA for detect？ing HBsAg was 93.16%（531/570）,and the negative predictive value of colloidal gold method for detecting HBsAg was 33.62%（39/116）.Conclusion Different methods have different sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predic？tive value.The laboratory determines the different uses of different methods by evaluating their performance.This is the guaranteeof the quality of inspection and the inevitable requirement to avoid clinical misdiagnosis and misdiagnosis.