妊娠糖尿病患者主要生化检验指标分析及其与妊娠结局的关系

Analysis of biochemical index and its relationship with pregnancy outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

目的分析妊娠期糖尿病患者的主要生化指标及其对妊娠结局的影响,为临床提供参考。方法选取该院2015年6月至2017年6月收治的67例妊娠糖尿病患者为观察组,选取67例同期分娩的健康产妇作为对照组,用t检验比较两组产妇空腹血糖、三酰甘油、尿酸、血清总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白等主要生化指标间的差异。用χ~2检验或Fisher精确概率法分析生化指标对妊娠结局的影响。结果病例组和对照组间空腹血糖、三酰甘油、尿酸、血清总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白等主要生化指标差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);妊娠期糖尿病产妇中,空腹血糖异常组巨大儿、早产儿、胎膜早破、新生儿黄疸、胎儿窘迫发生率更大;三酰甘油异常组巨大儿、早产儿、胎儿窘迫发生率更高;血清总胆固醇值超标组巨大儿、早产儿发生率更高;高密度脂蛋白值超标组胎儿窘迫发生率更高;尿酸值超标组早产儿、胎膜早破发生率更高。结论空腹血糖、三酰甘油、尿酸、血清总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白等生化指标对妊娠期糖尿病早诊断、早干预,改善妊娠结局具有重要的参考意义。

Objective To investigate the relationship between biochemical index and the pregnancy outcome in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus（GDM）,and to provide reference for the clinical.Methods67 cases of gestational diabetes patients admitted from July 2015 to July 2017 were selected as observation group,and 67 cases of healthy pregnant women were selected as the control group,T test was used to compare the differences of Fasting plasma glucose,triglycerides,uric acid,total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol and other major biochemical indexes between the two groups.The impact of biochemical markers on pregnancy outcome was analyzed by chi-square test or Fisher′s exact test.Results The levels of fasting plasma glucose,triglycerides,uric acid,total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol between observation and control groups were statistically significant;fasting plasma glucose abnormal groups had higher rates of macrosomia,premature infants,premature rupture of membranes,neonatal jaundice,respiratory distress.Triglycerides abnormal groups had higher rates of macrosomia,premature infants and respiratory distress.The total cholesterol abnormal groups had higher rates of macrosomia and premature infants.High density lipoprotein cholesterol abnormal groups had higher rates of respiratory distress.The Uric Acid abnormal groups had higher risk of premature infants and premature rupture of membranes.Conclusion The biochemical indicators（fasting plasma glucose,triglycerides,uric acid,total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol）have important reference value in improving the gestational outcome of patients with gestational diabetes.