高原鼠兔洞口密度对高山嵩草草甸土壤主要养分含量的影响

Influence of the density of burrow entrances of plateau pika on the concentration of soil nutrients in a Kobresia pygmaea meadow

高原鼠兔(Ochotona curzoniae)干扰会引起高山嵩草(Kobresia pygmaea)草甸土壤养分含量的变化。本研究分析了高原鼠兔干扰对高山嵩草草甸土壤主要养分的影响,并同步分析了高原鼠兔有效洞口密度和总洞口密度与土壤主要养分含量的关系。结果表明,高原鼠兔干扰显著增加了土壤0-20cm土层有机碳、全氮、全磷、铵态氮、硝态氮含量(P<0.01),但显著降低了土壤速效磷含量;随着高原鼠兔有效洞口密度和总洞口密度增加,土壤0-20cm土层全效养分(有机碳、全氮、全磷)含量先增加后降低,而速效养分(铵态氮、硝态氮、速效磷)含量先降低后增加,说明高原鼠兔总洞口密度和有效洞口密度与土壤养分含量的关系一致,因此当分析高原鼠兔干扰程度对土壤养分含量影响的趋势时,可采用总洞口密度代替有效洞口密度。

Disturbance in the population of the plateau pika,Ochotona curzoniae,often induces changes in the concentration of soil nutrients in alpine meadows.The effects of disturbance in the population of plateau pika on the concentration of the primary soil nutrients in a Kobresia pygmaea meadow was investigated to examine the relationships between the density of total burrow entrances and active burrow entrances of plateau pika and the concentration of the primary soil nutrients.Our results showed that the disturbance significantly increased the concentration of organic carbon（SOC）,total nitrogen（TN）,total phosphorus（TP）,soil ammonium nitrogen（NH4-＋-N）,and nitrate nitrogen（NO3---N）in the soil,but there was a decrease in available phosphorus（AP）concentration in the 0-20 cm soil layer.As the densities of total burrow entrances and active burrow entrances increased,the total nutrient concentration in the 0-20 cm soil layer（SOC,TN,and TP）initially increased but then decreased.The nutrient concentration for NH4-＋-N,NO3---N,and AP initially decreased then increased,indicating the relationship between the density of total burrow entrances and the concentration of soil nutrients are consistent with the density of active burrow entrances of plateau pika and the concentration of soil nutrients.Therefore,when determining the effects of plateau pika disturbances on the concentration of soil nutrients,the density of active burrow entrances can be replaced with the density of total burrow entrances.