基于振动监测的水压爆破降振技术及其应用

Hydraulic blasting technology for vibration reducing and its application

为了探讨青岛地区隧道爆破开挖时地表振动特性及其变化规律,通过布设监测点全方位地监测爆破施工时隧道结构与周边环境的振动信息.分析获得的振动信息数据表明:常规爆破施工垂向出现大振速的可能性较大,对地层的压密作用最大;爆破引起的地表振动主频主要集中在20~70 Hz范围内;随着建筑物楼层的增高,三个矢量方向上的最大振速都有一定程度的增大趋势.研究适用于此类地层的水压爆破施工工艺,对降低工程费用、改善施工环境、提高炸药利用率、减弱爆破振速和减少对周围建筑物及居民的扰动起到显著效果,为类似工程提供经验参考.

In order to investigate the technical features of surface vibration and its variation in the tunnel blasting excavation in the area of Qingdao, vibration-recording signal of tunnel structure and surrounding environment during blasting operations is monitored in all directions by setting up the monitoring points. The analysis of vibration signal shows that greater vertical vibration velocity is possible. The compaction effect is the most severe. The main frequencies of surface vibration caused by blasting lie in the range of 20 -70 Hz.With the increase of building height, the maximum vibration velocity in three vectors has a trend of mounting.Based on the relevant rules, the hydraulic blasting technology is introduced, which will reduce the cost of engineering, improve the construction environment, increase the utilization rate of explosives, weaken the blasting vibration speed and reduce the disturbance caused to the surrounding buildings and residents,providing experience for reference of similar project.