乌江流域防洪调度问题及其对策研究

Problems and countermeasures of flood control operation in Wujiang River basin

乌江流域思南县城、沿河县城、彭水县城等防护对象堤防建设的实际防洪能力低于规划标准,而且由于受上游水库的下泄和下游水库水位顶托的双重影响,导致流域的整体防洪能力不足。为了使上述3县城的堤防建设达到防洪设计标准,对乌江流域防洪调度现状和存在的问题进行了分析研究,在此基础上,建立了梯级水库联合防洪调度模型和水库回水计算模型。以彭水县城为例,运用上述两种模型进行了模拟计算分析,根据分析结果,提出了防洪调度措施、不承担防洪任务水库应急调度以及应急转移等一些应对措施,可为乌江流域防洪调度提供技术支撑和决策参考。

The actual flood control capacity of the embankments in Sinan,Yanhe and Pengshui counties in Wujiang River basin are lower than the planning standard. Under the double influences of the flow discharge of upstream reservoirs and the jacking of downstream reservoir,the overall flood control capacity is insufficient. In order to meet the standard,the status quo and problems of flood control regulation are analyzed; and joint control operation model and reservoir backwater calculation model for cascade reservoirs are established. Taking Pengshui County as an example,measures for flood control operation,emergency operation for reservoirs that do not responsible for flood control,emergency response and other measures are put forward by the model.