长距离渠道闸门故障扰动及小影响应急调度研究

Hydraulic response to sluice control stoppage and low impact emergency regulation in long-distance open channel of water transfer projects

闸门控制故障是威胁长距离输水渠道正常调度运行的常见风险之一,研究闸门故障工况下渠道水力响应及快速应急调度响应措施对长距离输水渠段安全运行具有重要意义。以南水北调中线一期工程为研究对象,基于通水3 a以来的实际调度运行状况,构建闸门故障扰动一维非恒定流水力学模型,分析渠段的水力响应,并研究应对闸门故障扰动的小影响应急调度措施。计算结果表明:闸门故障扰动下的水力响应与渠道流量、渠段长度密切相关;通过调节旁侧闸门的小影响应急调度措施能尽可能减小事故闸门的影响,维持上下游渠道水位的相对稳定,且响应时间越早越有利于闸门事故控制;事故闸门开度长时间大幅度异常时,需联合临近节制闸、分水闸、退水闸共同调度才能维持渠道正常输水及安全运行。研究成果可为南水北调中线一期工程调度运行应急预案及风险管理提供参考。

Sluice control stoppage is one of the most common risks threatening the normal operation of long-distance open channel of water transfer projects. Research on hydraulic response and low impact emergency regulation is extremely meaningful for safe operation of long-distance open channel. Based on three years＇ operation of the Middle Route Project（ MRP） of South-to-North Water Diversion（ SNWD）,this paper builds a one-dimensional unsteady flow model to investigate the hydraulic response and corresponding low impact emergency regulation measure. Results show that hydraulic response to sluice control stoppage is closely related to discharge and channel length; regulating side gates,as low impact emergency regulation measure,can decrease the influence of flow and level fluctuation. Moreover,timely response is good for sluice control stoppage influence elimination. However,joint regulation with other sluices is needed to keep channel safe and normal in case of long-time and large-scale sluice control stoppage. This research can provide support for emergency regulation of the MRP of SNWD.